Flat top female with male stud ball joint assemblies are an L-shaped assembly with female thread on one siade and a male stud coming out the other side. The male stud is mounted on a spherical ball bearing allowing it to swivel in all directions although the sperical bearing is not sealed like the Shurseal assemblies. The spherical ball is made from case hardened low carbon steel, the housing is made from low carbon steel and the male stud is made from medium carbon steel. The whole assembly is zinc plated and dichromate treated for corrosion resistance. Ball joint assemblies are also known as "heim" joints or rod ends.